Animal by-products (ABPs)

High risk.

Incineration.

Carcasses and body parts of animals suspected of being infected with TSE (transmissible spongiform encephalopathy) - e.g., mad cow disease.

Carcasses of wild animals suspected of being infected with a disease that humans or other animals could contract.

Carcasses of animals used in experiments.

Carcasses and body parts from zoo and circus animals or pets.

Parts of animals that are contaminated due to illegal treatments.

Specified risk material (body parts that pose a particular disease risk) - e.g., spinal cords from cows.

International catering waste - e.g., food waste from planes and cruise ships.

High risk.

These are usually sent to rendering facilities. There, they are sterilised with high heat and pressure. This process kills pathogens and separates fats and proteins for use in things like animal feeds and fertilisers.

Animals that have been rejected from abattoirs because of having an infectious disease.

Carcasses of dead livestock.

Carcasses of animals killed for disease control purposes.

Carcasses containing residues from authorised treatments.

Unhatched poultry that has died in its shell.

Manure.

Digestive tract content.

Low risk.

These are usually sent to anaerobic digestion facilities to create biogas and biofertiliser.

Carcasses or body parts fit for humans to eat, at an abattoir.

Products/foods of animal origin that were meant for human consumption but were withdrawn for commercial reasons (as opposed to being unfit to eat).

Aquatic animals and water-dwelling or land-dwelling invertebrates.

Shells from shellfish with soft tissue - e.g., oyster shells.

Eggs, egg by-products, hatchery by-products, and egg shells.

Hides and skins from abattoirs.

Hides, skins, hooves, feathers, wool, horns, and hair that had no signs of infectious disease at death.

Processed animal proteins (PAP) - e.g., meats from animals fit for human consumption that aren’t consumed by humans, for instance, meats used in pet food.

Domestic catering waste.